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Bullying against someone one the basis of sexual orientation or gender identification can be verbal, physical, online or psychological It occurs when someone perceives another person to be gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender or questioning and for various reasons finds that to be distasteful or unacceptable. Bullying happens in schools (especially middle and high schools) but can also happen in the workplace or within a community.
A hate crime is a form of bulling though it usually also involves violent and usually premeditated action against another person because of their perceived membership in an undesirable social group. In October of 2009 President Obama signed the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. hate Crimes Prevention Act into law which prohibits crimes motivated by actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and disability.
Hate crimes and bullying are not always reported because of victims fear of being labeled as LGBT or because of the fear of the response from the criminal justice system.
Bullying & Hate Crimes